UNIT+ONE+NOTES

**NATIVE AMERICANS TO THE COLONIAL PERIOD (1749)** **COLUMBUS AND THE NATIVE AMERICANS** **PILGRIMS** **PURITANS** **13 COLONIES**   **SOUTHERN COLONIES** **LITERATURE** o **//Boulders Taller Than the Great Tower of Seville—//****Garcia Lopez de Cardenas** o **Christopher Columbus** § Excerpt from **//Journal of the First Voyage to America//** · **“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”** o ____________ to the saved: “you have hardened your hearts” o Uses images to stir up ______________ · **“To My Dear and Loving Husband”** o “If ever two were one, then surely we” o treasures their love o the Puritans weren’t prudes (see article) · **“Verses upon the Burning of our House”** o “my hope and treasure lies above” o loss of possessions and vanity · **“The Author to Her Book”** o Humility/embarrassment (bastard quote) o Controlling metaphor = comparison of author and book to mother and child · **Edward Taylor 1642-1729** o Puritan minister o ________________ –used symbols o Former teacher in England o Viewed poetry as a form of ________ __________ · **“Huswifery”** § “____________________”  §  _____________ ___________ = the creation of holy robes to wear in order to properly serve the Lord The speaker’s feelings about God are vivid, lively, and intense, thus contradicting with Puritan belief that all attire should be dark and undecorated
 * UNIT I HISTORICAL NOTES**
 * In ______ Columbus sailed the ocean blue
 * ______ native
 * Sailed with permission from _______
 * //Journal of the First Voyage to America//
 * Found native Indians
 * Origin of name? à Columbus mistook the new world for ______
 * No written records of the Indians
 * Information taken from artifacts and stories passed down _______
 * Usually made peace with new settlers and taught them how to use the ____ and find _____
 * Native American Literature
 * Many languages
 * ______ literature
 * ______________
 * No written alphabet
 * Diverse religious/mythological beliefs
 * Origin Myths
 * Explain _______
 * Explain ____________________________________
 * Explain ____________________________________
 * Exploration was big during this time period
 * ______________ Narratives
 * Journal accounts to inform the _______________
 * _________________ perceptions of the new world
 * Literature as a ____________________
 * To gain wealth (gold), land, and fame for countries
 * __________ Narratives
 * Written to express the horrors of bondage
 * Used to persuade readers that slavery is unethical
 * Incorporates strong emotional appeals to make readers sympathize with the slaves’ conditions
 * Columbus was not the first to set foot in America
 * __________________
 * __________________
 * Other explorers and their contributions:
 * _______________________ – Florida peninsula 1515
 * _______________________--reaches Pacific Ocean 1515
 * _______________________-- explores the Southwest 1540
 * ______ = Pilgrims arrived on the ______________________
 * Pilgrim = “________________” –separated from the Church of England and sought religious freedom
 * //Of Plymouth Plantation// – William Bradford
 * Established Plymouth settlement in ______________________
 * Eventually it was engulfed by the Massachusetts ______ __________ (a much larger colony to the north)
 * Puritans = “__________” who intended on purifying the church from within
 * __________________ = governor
 * Wrote //City on a Hill//
 * Their form of government = _________________
 * Definition = a state under the immediate guidance of _______
 * ______________________ (John Calvin) = God already decided who will achieve salvation and who will not.
 * Theories of Conduct:
 * ________________
 * ________________
 * Puritan Thought:
 * 1. ___________ à the ultimate and people should live according to His will (history has no supply)
 * 2. _________ à _______ (Adam) à _________ ____ with no merit in God’s eyes (total depravity)
 * “__________ _________” – today’s name for the hard work and self discipline the Puritans demonstrated to prevent abusing their predetermined gift of _________________
 * Education:
 * Public schools created to combat the influence of __________
 * ________= first college established to educate ministers—1638
 * William and Mary –1693
 * Yale—1701
 * ________—1746 (Presbyterian)
 * Columbia—1754 (Episcopal)
 * __________—1764 (Baptist)
 * Rutgers—1766 (Dutch Reform)
 * Dartmouth—1769 (Congregationalists)
 * Puritanism declined by the 1700s because liberal ______________ became more attractive
 * Reaction against this freedom occurred in 1720: “__________ ____________”
 * à a series of religious revivals led by eloquent ministers like Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield
 * It did not revive Puritanism, but it enforced their ethics of hard work, frugality, self-improvement, and self-reliance
 * Influence on American Culture:
 * _______________ to discuss public issues
 * Belief in community
 * Respect for individual rights/opinions
 * Antagonism to hierarchies in societies
 * Daily writing à ______ _______________ to better oneself
 * Importance of education
 * Literary Forms
 * “_________ _________ ”
 * short words, direct statements, and references to ordinary, everyday objects
 * “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” –Jonathan Edwards
 * ________________ = main literary form
 * 1. ___________ –meaning of abstract doctrine (rule)
 * 2. ___________—proofs that reinforce the acceptance of the doctrine
 * Scripture
 * Principle of Nature
 * Common sense and experience
 * Why? 1. To help receive doctrine and 2. To establish unity of knowledge
 * 3. Uses—______________
 * Call men to conduct (action)
 * Southern colonies differed from the north:
 * ___________, _________, _______ ___________, and _________
 * Large plantations, not small farms
 * First black slaves brought to Virginia in _______
 * Slaves existed in every colony
 * More sociable and elegant lives than Puritans
 * __Origin Myths:__
 * **“The Earth on Turtle’s Back” –Onondaga**
 * **“When Grizzlies Walked Upright”—Modoc**
 * Excerpt from **//The Navajo Origin Legend//****—Navajo**
 * Excerpt from **//The Iroquois Constitution//****—Iroquois**
 * __Exploration Narratives:__
 * **//A Journey Through Texas –//****Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca**
 * __Slave Narratives:__
 * Excerpt from **//The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano//**
 * __Journals:__
 * Day by day account of events
 * __Narrative Accounts:__
 * **John Smith**
 * Excerpt from **//The General History of Virginia//**
 * **William Bradford**
 * Excerpt from **//Of Plymouth Plantation//**
 * __Sermons:__ speech given from a pulpit in a house of God
 * **Jonathan Edwards**
 * __Poetry:__
 * **Anne Bradstreet 1612-1672**
 * Background:
 * Puritan
 * _______ children
 * hard life
 * “________________” occupation of writing
 * Early poems examined the ________ ___ ________ to write and express themselves
 * Wrote first collection of poems gathered in colonial America
 * //The Tenth Muse Latel Sprung Up in America, By a Gentlewoman of Those Parts//
 * Later poems were more __________ and expressed her vivacity and enjoyment of life
 * Style
 * _________ _________
 * _________________—a figure of speech in which a speaker directly addresses and absent person or a personified object, quality, or idea.